In Nigeria and other areas where malaria is predominant, typhoid fever continues to be one of the most frequently misdiagnosed diseases. Dr. Yakub of Well-Life Hospital in Abuja explains in a recent educational session why typhoid is commonly misdiagnosed, how this results in needless treatments, antibiotic abuse, and preventable sequelae, and why the early detection of typhoid fever is essential for accurate diagnosis and proper care.
His main views are explained in an easy-to-understand manner for the general audience in this article.
What Is the True Cause of Typhoid Fever?
Salmonella typhi, the bacterium that causes typhoid fever, is typically spread through contaminated food or beverages. One of the main causes of contamination is poor hygiene, particularly among those who handle food.
After being consumed, the bacterium enters the body and starts to grow, causing symptoms like diarrhea, constipation, fever, headaches, and stomach pain.
These symptoms are not exclusive to typhoid, though. Malaria is one of many diseases that can cause similar symptoms.
The Three Steps to a Correct Typhoid Diagnosis
Dr. Yakub draws attention to an important fact: the majority of Nigerians forego the first two steps in favor of a lab test, which leads to an incorrect diagnosis.
The correct medical procedure is as follows:
1. Medical History (Doctor Interview)
Your symptoms, lifestyle, and exposure risks must all be thoroughly questioned by your doctor.
This aids in determining the likelihood of typhoid.
2. Physical Assessment
The physician examines your body for indicators that either confirm or refute your symptoms.
This exam helps refine the diagnosis even though typhoid symptoms are not very precise.
3. Research in the Lab
A doctor should only order tests following a history and examination.
Even so, the right exam is important.
The following are the only trustworthy typhoid diagnostic tests:
- Culture of blood
- Culture of stool
- Culture of urine
These identify the real bacteria, Less than that is not diagnostic.
Why the Widal Test Is Misleading
The Widal test, an antiquated technique for measuring antibody responses, is still used in many clinics.
However, because malaria and other illnesses can cross-react, the Widal test produces false positives in malaria-endemic regions like Nigeria.
This results in:
When antibiotics are misused, they affect both healthy and bad bacteria living in the:
- Gut
- Nose
- Reproductive system
- Airways
These beneficial bacteria aid with immunity, digestion, and defense against dangerous pathogens.
Destroying them may result in:
- Recurring infections
- Digestive problems
- Diminished immunity
- Resistance to antibiotics
This makes it more difficult to treat infections in the future.
Why a Correct Diagnosis Preserves Your Health
It is possible to treat typhoid?
However, treating illnesses other than typhoid can have long-term negative effects.
According to Dr. Yakub, a correct diagnosis is essential for:
- avoiding needless drugs
- stop the development of antibiotic resistance
- safeguard the body’s defenses.
guarantee that patients receive the appropriate care at the appropriate time.
Conclusion
Do not rely on Widal tests or self-diagnose if you suspect typhoid fever.
See a trained medical practitioner who will use the appropriate diagnostic procedures.
Well-Life Hospital is still dedicated to promoting safe, evidence-based healthcare practices and educating the public.
